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Aparate za gašenje požara možemo razlikovati prema punjenju (prah, pjena, CO2, itd.) i prema načinu aktivacije (stalni tlak, CO2 bočica) – sve to utječe na to za koje su tipove požara namijenjeni i kako s njima rukovati.

U čemu je razlika između aparata pod stalnim tlakom i aparata s CO₂ bočicom?

Aparati u kojima je spremnik pod stalnim tlakom pogonskog plina dušika (N2), uvijek su spremni za upotrebu.

Kod aparata s bočicom, punjenje je prije uporabe pod tlakom koji je jednak vanjskom tlaku zraka, a nakon aktiviranja pritiskom udarnog gumba, iz CO2 iz bočice ulazi u spremnik aparata i stvara pretlak koji je potreban za izbacivanje punjenja za gašenje požara.

JESU LI SVI POŽARI ISTI?

Nisu, požare dijelimo sukladno tome kako su nastali, odnosno materije koja sagorijeva. Dijele se na 5 klasa koje označavaju osnovne vrste požara:

A klasa – požari krutih tvari (drvo, slama, plastika, papir…)

B klasa – požari zapaljivih tekućina (benzin, ulje, boje, lakovi…)

C klasa – požari zapaljivih plinova (metan, propan, butan, acetilen…)

D klasa – požari zapaljivih metala (aluminij, natrij, kalij, magnezij…)

F klasa – požari ulja i masti biljnog i životinjskog podrijetla

Nije svaki vatrogasni aparat namijenjen za svaku klasu požara, stoga je prije njegove uporabe ključno detektirati uzrok požara i provjeriti odgovaraju li oznake klase na aparatu nastalome požaru.

Je li svejedno kojim aparatom gasim požar?

Ne postoji univerzalno sredstvo za gašenje svih vrsta požara, prema tome ovisno o vrsti požara potrebno je koristiti adekvatno sredstvo za gašenje.

Sredstva za gašenje požara dijele se na glavna, specijalna i pomoćna. Glavno sredstvo za gašenje je voda. Specijalna sredstva su pjena, ugljikov dioksid, prah, itd. Pomoćna sredstva su pokrivači, pijesak, i slično.

Koja sredstva su namijenjena za koje klase požara?

Kako se koristi vatrogasni aparat?

Svaki vatrogasni aparat na sebi sadrži kratke ilustrirane upute za korištenje. Za aktiviranje većine aparata potrebna su tek 2 ili 3 osnovna koraka ovisno o modelu, koja je dobro proučiti i prije nego se nađete pred vatrenim izazovom. Donosimo upute modela namijenjenih korištenju u kućanstvu.

Smijem li požar u svom domu gasiti običnom vodom?

Although water is often an immediately available means, it must not be used to extinguish fires in electrical devices and installations, as well as when extinguishing substances that generate explosive gases in contact with water. Water as an extinguishing agent is effective only for class A fires (wood, straw, paper and plastic fires).

Kako pravilno gasiti kuhinjske požare?

Kitchen fires are one of the most common household fires. Although they are easy to overcome, it is important to act calmly. Never open the door of a burning oven and do not extinguish the fire with water. In this way, you will only spread the fire. If the fire is small, cover the pan or pot with a lid to prevent oxygen from entering. Initial fires in the kitchen can be extinguished with a fire blanket and class A, B, C and F fire extinguishers.

Kako pravilno gasiti požare električnih uređaja?

Electrical device fires are fundamentally different from other types of fires. It is necessary to turn off the power supply to the burning device or the entire household. This will eliminate the cause of the fire and reduce the risk of electric shock. To extinguish these fires, use a fire blanket and fire extinguishers that are allowed to extinguish fires of electrical devices. Only if you have ensured that the flow of electricity is disabled, initial fires can also be extinguished with water.

Kako pravilno gasiti požar na otvorenom?

We can distinguish fire extinguishers according to the filling (powder, foam, CO2, etc.) and according to the method of activation (constant pressure, CO2 bottle) – all this affects which types of fires they are intended for and how to handle them.

Je li potrebno servisirati vatrogasni aparat?

Yes! Proper maintenance and servicing of fire extinguishers is essential for their correctness and functionality when used in life-threatening moments. Periodic inspection and annual servicing is also prescribed by the Fire Protection Act and related by-laws.

Every 3 months, the user of the device is obliged to inspect the device and see if everything on it is correct.

Periodic service must be performed at least once a year by an authorized person from the manufacturer and/or importer of fire extinguishers.

The internal inspection of the apparatus must be done at least every 5 years, or every 2 years for apparatus older than 15 years, also exclusively by a person authorized by the manufacturer and/or importer of fire extinguishers.

It is essential to take the device to the service after each use or activation!

Kako odabrati količinu i tip vatrogasnih aparata?

The quantity and type of fire extinguishers is selected depending on the area for which the fire extinguishers are purchased. The following parameters must be taken into account:

1. level of fire danger (small, medium, large)

2. type of space (industrial, retail, office, trade, home, etc.)

3. expected fire classes (A, B, C, D, F or fires of electrical devices)

4. square footage of the space and fire hazard

5. fire extinguisher capacity

Što sve u mom domu može uzrokovati požar?

Most fires in our homes start in the kitchen. The most obvious sources are gas stoves, but objects and food in ovens and microwave ovens can also catch fire. The fastest spreading fires can be caused by the open flame of candles, so it is important to make sure that they are never placed near windows or fans, as well as near flammable materials. Less obvious causes of fire can be short circuits caused by the load on the electrical network – for example, connecting a large number of electrical consumers to one socket, and faulty devices that “throw sparks”.

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